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I was delighted to spot a photograph of a Rankin. [6] Rankin later recorded her childhood observation that while women of the 1890s western frontier labored side by side as equals with men, they did not have an equal political voice—nor a legal right to vote. The drums of war were sounding when, in March 1917, Jeannette Rankin arrived in Washington DC. Environment An important factor in shaping Jeannette was being born in Missoula, Montana. There are no surviving Rankins descended from John, as his only son Wellington (yet another accomplished member of this family) died childless. In addition to doing the traditionally female chores of cooking, cleaning, and caring for her younger siblings, Jeannette also learned how to operate farm implements and machinery. Her firm stances inspired both admiration and fury across party lines, and she gained nearly canonical status among feminists and pacifists. Rankin was … Jeannette lived in 1930, at address, Texas. [21], Shortly after her term began, Congress was called into an extraordinary April session in response to Germany's declaration of unrestricted submarine warfare on all Atlantic shipping. Sorry about the blurry photo – it was the best I could find. Excellent article. Here, briefly, are their stories. in Biology in 1902 from the University of Montana, where she was undoubtedly the lone female in her science classes. [19] In the at-large general election on November 7, the top two vote-getters won the seats. They later established their ranch and became successful business people. The reaction back in Montana was brutal. Jeannette Rankin Gov.info Editors. She testified before multiple Congressional committees in opposition to a variety of preparedness measures. After becoming a prominent voice in the women’s suffrage movement (leading her home state of Montana to give women the vote in 1914 — six years before the Nineteenth Amendment would afford that right to all women at a federal level), Jeannette Rankin decided to run for public office. Realizing she had little chance at reelection to the House, she ran for the Senate. She went to college at Wellesley, the University of Wisconsin, and the University of Montana, where she received her law degree in 1918. In the Republican … “I may be the first woman member of Congress,” she observed upon her election in 1916. At its dedication, historian Joan Hoff-Wilson called Rankin "one of the most controversial and unique women in Montana and American political history". As an adolescent on her family ranch, Rankin had many tasks, including cleaning, sewing, farm chores, outdoor work, and helping care for her younger siblings. In November 1910, Washington voters approved an amendment to their state constitution to permanently enfranchise women, the fifth state in the Union to do so. i'm going to use a lot of quotations from her. Jeannette Rankin. The exhibition also has roughly 200-250 copies of portraits, photos or drawings – perhaps 8”x 8” each? The verbal hostility directed at her during the roll call vote was so fierce that she was given a police escort back to her office. Wellington Rankin's older sister, Jeannette Rankin, was the first woman ever elected to the United States Congress. [15] In November 1914, Montana became the seventh state to grant women unrestricted voting rights. She was born in Missoula, Montana. While members of Congress and their constituents had been debating the question of U.S. intervention in World War II for months, the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7, 1941, galvanized the country and silenced virtually all opposition. She was a Republican. Meanwhile, other Rankins are tugging at my sleeve. Rankin's campaign for one of Montana's two at-large House seats in the congressional election of 1916 was financed and managed by her brother Wellington, an influential member of the Montana Republican Party. Jeannette Rankin was born on June 11, 1880 on a ranch outside Missoula in what was then the Montana Territory. She studied at the University of Montana, graduating in 1902 with a Bachelor of Science degree in biology. Jeannette's mother was Olive Pickering - a courageous, pioneer woman who traveled to Missoula in 1879 with only her sister as a companion. ", "House, at 3:12 AM, Votes for War, 373 to 50; $3,000,000,000 Asked For Army of 1,000,000; Nation's Gigantic Resources Mobilized", "Jeannette Rankin's Struggle for Democracy in Industry", "Guide to House Records: Chapter 14: Woman Suffrage", "American Foreign Policy: Life as a Pacifist", "The only U.S. politician to vote against war with Japan 75 years ago was this remarkable woman", "U.S. Declares War, Pacific Battle Widens", "Miss Rankin is lone dissenter in war vote", "The First Woman in Congress: A Crusader For Peace", "Another Mother for Peace: Reconsidering Maternalist Peace Rhetoric from an Historical Perspective 1967–2007", "The Congresswoman Who Paved the Way for Hillary Clinton", "Ex-Rep. Jeannette Rankin Dies. [58] Opera America commissioned a song cycle about Rankin called Fierce Grace that premiered in 2017. Jeannette Rankin And The Right To Vote. U.S. House of Representatives. On this day, Jeannette Rankin’s history-making moment. After graduation, she worked briefly as a schoolteacher, apprentice seamstress, and at a settlement house providing social services to poor immigrants. While she maintained a lifelong, close friendship with the noted journalist and author Katherine Anthony, the women were never romantically involved. Jeannette Rankin’s life was filled with extraordinary achievements: she was the first woman elected to Congress, one of the few suffragists elected to Congress, and the only Member of Congress to vote against U.S. participation in both World War I and World War II. Thus, Jeannette Rankin became the first woman elected to the U.S. Congress and the first woman elected to a national legislature in any western democracy. SHE WANTED TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE. [33], Rankin began her campaign for Congress in 1939 with a tour of high schools in Montana. [c] After ratification by three-fourths of the states, it became the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. After officially retiring in 1966, she took another round-the-world tour to continue crusading for family planning.[3]. In 1918 (after the WWI vote), she addressed the House about the Committee report supporting a constitutional amendment on women’s right to vote. Jeanette passed away on month day 1919, at age 63 at death place, Kansas. [37] Hisses could be heard in the gallery as she cast her vote; several colleagues, including Rep. (later Senator) Everett Dirksen, asked her to change it to make the resolution unanimous—or at very least, to abstain—but she refused. Strong woman. Local News Naturally, she became chair. The outcome may have been different. Jeannette Rankin was not only the first, but to the present day, perhaps the most principled and certainly most courageous woman ever to be elected to Congress – and before the dawn of national women’s suffrage at that. (2) Max Binheim and Charles A. Elvin, U.S. Women of the West (Los Angeles: Publishers Press, 1928), entry for Rankin, Jeannette. She also introduced the first bill to grant women citizenship independent of their husbands. [3] The legislation was enacted in 1921 but repealed eight years later,[30] though many of its key provisions were incorporated into the Social Security Act of 1935. Unusually, she ran for and won […] Visiting Montana, Rankin became the first woman to speak before the Montana legislature, where she surprised the spectators and legislators alike with her speaking ability. She probably also had the support of Montana women who remembered her work getting them the right to vote. In 1968, at the age of 87, she led some 5,000 women who called themselves the “Jeannette Rankin Brigade” on a march to the U.S. capitol building, where they presented an anti-Vietnam War petition to the Speaker of the House. Love and gratitude, dear sister. Rankin was born on a Montana farm in 1880, the eldest of seven children of John and Olive Pickering Rankin. Rankin, the eldest of seven siblings, was born in 1880 to John and Olive Rankin, a notable family in Missoula. Overhauled post: will the “correct” David Rankin of Franklin Co., PA please stand up? Jeannette Rankin And The Right To Vote. She spent the 1920s and 1930s working as a lobbyist for various social welfare and antiwar organizations. Jeannette Rankin Another interesting fact…As the first woman Member of the US House of Representatives, Rankin was on the front lines of the national suffrage fight. A Republican from Montana, Rankin … Edna and Jeanette evidently spent their last years together. To date, Rankin remains the only woman ever elected to Congress from Montana.[1][2]. In 1968, when she was 87, she led some 5,000 women dressed in black, calling themselves the She was elected U.S. Representative in 1916 and again in 1940. [13] During this period, Rankin also traveled to Washington to lobby Congress on behalf of the National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA). Between 1960 and 1966, she traveled to India, Africa, and the Middle East promoting family planning. The 1880 census says their father John was born in Canada and his parents were born in Scotland. She struggled to find her calling. Jeannette passed away on May 18 1973, at age 92 in Monterey, Monterey, California, United States. Love and gratitude, dear sister. Each of Rankin's Congressional terms coincided with initiation of U.S. military intervention in the two World Wars. Jeannette and Wellington’s relationship was far from that of typical siblings, yet its complex dynamics were driven by a relatable mix of love, loyalty, resentment, rivalry, and … Jeannette Rankin was born June 11th, 1880. Rankin rallied support at train stations, street corners, potluck suppers on ranches, and remote one-room schoolhouses. This contributed to her compassion and devotion to help others. While her mother was a school teacher, her father worked as an immigrant carpenter and rancher. She traveled long distances to reach the state's widely scattered population. [54] Beginning with a single $500 scholarship in 1978, the fund has since awarded more than $1.8 million in scholarships to more than 700 women. Her younger brother Wellington, later to hold statewide office in Montana himself, financed her campaign. [3][13], Rankin returned to Montana and rose through the ranks of suffrage organizations, becoming the president of the Montana Women's Suffrage Association and the national field secretary of NAWSA. In 1908 she left Montana to seek other challenges. Two quite amazing women, not so different than the divine lawyer lady who wrote the article. ‘My questions tumbled out faster than the speaker could answer them. Both died in Carmel, Monterrey County, California. Jeannette Pickering Rankin (June 11, 1880 – May 18, 1973) was an American politician and women's rights advocate, and the first woman to hold federal office in the United States. [7], In 1937, Rankin opposed President Franklin Roosevelt's proposals to intervene on the side of the British against Germany and its allies, arguing that both sides wished to avoid a second European war, and would pursue a diplomatic solution. Jeannette Pickering Rankin (June 11, 1880 – May 18, 1973) was an American politician and women's rights advocate, and the first woman to hold federal office in the United States.She was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives as a Republican from Montana in 1916, and again in 1940. Jeannette’s mother was Olive Pickering – a courageous, pioneer woman who traveled to Missoula in 1879 with only her sister as a companion. [53][12] The Jeannette Rankin Foundation (now the Jeannette Rankin Women's Scholarship Fund), a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization, awards annual educational scholarships to low-income women 35 and older across the United States. Jeannette Pickering Rankin was born to John Rankin and Olive Pickering Rankin on June 11, 1880 in Missoula, Montana. Here is some of Ms. McKinnon’s employment history: Ms. McKinnon visited 32 states helping to establish family planning clinics. [34], In the 1940 race, Rankin—now 60 years old—defeated incumbent Jacob Thorkelson, an outspoken antisemite, in the July primary,[35] and former Representative Jerry J. O'Connell in the general election. Like her big sister, she supported equal rights for women, joining a suffrage parade down Pennsylvania Avenue when Woodrow Wilson was reelected in 1918. In the federal census, she described her occupations as “orator” (1920), “lobbyist” (1930) and “secretary, social work” (1940). She lived a simple life there, without electricity or plumbing,[32] though she also maintained a residence in Montana. [28], During Rankin's term, Montana's state legislature voted to replace the state's two at-large Congressional seats with two single-member districts. Jeannette Rankin was born circa 1918, at birth place, West Virginia, to John R Rankin and Ether R Rankin. Jeannette Rankin has been all but deified by many historians, dazzled by the fact that she was the first woman ever elected to the U.S. Congress. Revolutionary War Story: Robert Rankin of the Northern Neck (part 4 of 5), Revolutionary War Story: William Rankin of Virginia’s Northern Neck (part 3 of 5), PA/TN Rankins: the most famous Rankin legend of all. The people pictured include politicians, scientists, entertainers, soldiers, social activists, artists, athletes, and a sprinkling of ordinary folks. Harriet Sedman (Rankin) Birthdate: estimated between 1858 and 1912: Death: Immediate Family: Daughter of John Rankin and Olive Rankin Wife of Oscar Sedman Mother of Virginia Ronhovde Sister of Jeannette Rankin (1st woman in the U.S. Congress); Wellington Duncan Rankin; Edna Rankin; Grace Rankin; Private and 1 other Dawn was still hours away in Washington, D.C., on Good Friday, April 6, 1917, when Wellington Rankin and his big sister, Jeannette, walked home from the Capitol. This was the seed money for the Jeannette Rankin Foundation, a 501(c)(3) (non-profit) organization that gives educational scholarships annually to … Born in Montana to a wealthy rancher and a teacher, oldest of seven siblings. Edna Rankin McKinnon (1893, Montana – 1978, California). Local News. [3][16] Rankin coordinated the efforts of a variety of grassroots organizations to promote her suffrage campaigns in New York and Montana (and later in North Dakota as well). Walsh. [7], Rankin graduated from high school in 1898. [36] She was appointed to the Committee on Public Lands and the Committee on Insular Affairs. But war intervened -- twice. She then enrolled in the New York School of Philanthropy to study social work. After she graduated, Rankin moved to Spokane, Washington, to work for a children's home, but she became increasingly involved in the [3][18] In the Republican primary, Rankin received the most votes of the eight Republican candidates. [3] Edna Rankin McKinnon was the subject of a biography by Wilma Dykeman titled “Too Many People, Too Little Love” (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1974). Jeannette Rankin, Chairman, Montana Activities, (1912-1914) Holding Suffrage Banner. [15], After leaving Congress, Rankin worked as a field secretary for the National Consumers League, and as a lobbyist for various pacifist organizations. At a disarmament conference during the interwar periods, she said, "The peace problem is a woman's problem. Jeanette helped her find a job with the Legal Division of the Resettlement Administration, a New Deal agency created by FDR. "[24] Although 49 male Representatives and six Senators also voted against the declaration, Rankin was singled out for criticism. One newspaper called her “a dagger in the hands of the German propagandists, a dupe of the Kaiser, a member of the Hun army in the United States, and a crying schoolgirl.”[1]. Rankin listened to the grievances of federal workers in the bureau, which included long hours and an excessively demanding work pace. Siblings. Required fields are marked *. [9], At the age of 27, Rankin moved to San Francisco to take a job in social work, a new and still developing field. The Lone War Dissenter: Walter Cronkite Remembers Pearl Harbor, Jeannette Rankin (NPR’s All Things Considered Dec. 7, 2001). In 1940, she ran again for a Montana House seat. She also wrote letters and gave speeches against the war. A woman, no less: Jeanette Pickering Rankin, the first woman elected to the U.S. House of Representatives. For biographical data concerning the Rankin children, see the Inventory for the Jeannette Rankin Papers, Schlesinger Library. [50], Rankin died on May 18, 1973, at age 92, in Carmel, California. [33] Rankin made frequent speeches around the country on behalf of the Women's Peace Union and the National Council for the Prevention of War (NCPW). Field Worker, Pathfinder Fund, which supported family planning in this country and abroad, later supported by a grant from the U.S. Agency for International Development. [31], In 1924, Rankin bought a small farm in Georgia. One of seven kids, she was the girl of a farmer and a teacher. First Woman in Congress, 92. [17], Rankin later compared her work in the women's suffrage movement to promoting the pacifist foreign policy that defined her congressional career. [57] Simpson also starred in a film adaptation that was directed and produced by Kamala Lopez, narrated by Martin Sheen, and featuring music by Joni Mitchell. [7][20][b] During her victory speech, she said, "I am deeply conscious of the responsibility resting upon me" as the only woman in the nation with voting power in Congress. [56], In 2004, peace activist Jeanmarie Simpson produced and starred in the one-woman play A Single Woman, based on the life of Rankin, to benefit peace organizations. "[23] Years later, she would add, "I felt the first time the first woman had a chance to say no to war, she should say it. While her action was widely ridiculed in the press, William Allen White, writing in the Kansas Emporia Gazette, acknowledged her courage in taking it: Probably a hundred men in Congress would have liked to do what she did. Rankin would later point out that she was, therefore, "the only woman who ever voted to give women the right to vote". [1] I have a hard time visualizing a crying schoolgirl who is a member of an army, but am not surprised that the sophomoric part of that invective was based on her gender. But her parents supported her desire to attain and complete higher education. Soon after that, she attended a public lecture on birth control, and her vocation was born. I had never before heard the subject discussed … And I thought that if my own confusion and ignorance were multiplied millions of times, then the needs of the women of the world were staggering.’ “. Jeanette Pickering Rankin (1880, Montana, – 1973, California). Edna’s marriage lasted eleven years, then she needed to support herself and her children. A determined pacifist, she was one of only 50 members of the House of Representatives to vote against entry into World War I. John and his brother Jeannette Rankin. "Everyone knew that I was opposed to the war, and they elected me," she said. 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