ransomware incident response plan template

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ransomware incident response plan template

2022.07.31
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ransomware incident response plan template

ransomware All systems being deployed need to be fully patched before redeployment.It is not sufficient to only patch the software that was the root cause of the compromise; all software on the system should be patched. %PDF-1.3 In this case, the system must still be fully patched to correct the method of attack before it can be put back in production. How are vulnerabilities identified and patches applied? The intended scope of this playbook is all persons who own or manage workstations or servers associated with the University of Toronto. The Universitys Security incident response plan that provides guidance for individual plans can be found here: Information Security Response Plan. From the information collected from the lessons learned session(s), any opportunities to improve should be enacted to reduce the risk of another similar incident and improve the incident management process.Specific things that should be considered are: What improvements can be made to system management? drinking Finalize a formal timeline of the incident with as many details as possible, including: Once the complete timeline and details of the incident are known, rebuild and repair the systems to prepare them to return to operation. What users and accounts are involved? 0000017803 00000 n Panicking causes more problems, so take a deep breath, relax, and proceed as methodically as possible. 0000035249 00000 n 0000002751 00000 n Quarantines should be comprehensive: include cloud/SaaS access, single-sign-on, system access such as to ERP or other business tools, etc. (active directory, SaaS, SSO, service accounts. 0000009686 00000 n Use local operating system and application logs and network device logs to find as much information as possible about the attack. ? /o3*N}&PhA`.jLOh%XO~=;f%aaaqwol-}lX3ey]|/Gy[tA#-3WDkd >ZYX,M62m;?# ococ['7[;bHG:{I~57{LBEuKf:z^JLFvr|x. A third reason to create it is to help protect your businesss reputation. After identifying the affected systems, your next step should be to disable them in order to prevent the attack from spreading further. If disclosure is required, follow the steps specified by the relevant regulatory framework to disclose the attack. Try not to turn it off unless you absolutely have to, as this can damage forensic evidence, If you are sure or strongly suspect a device is infected with ransomware, but there is no message yet, then physically or logically disconnect it from the network as soon as possible, preferably immediately. If this is the case, take a photo and physically or logically disconnect the device from the network as soon as possible, preferably immediately. If you catch an incident on time and respond to it correctly, you can save the enormous damages and clean up efforts involved in a breach. Did the ransomware enter your environment via phishing, malware, a malicious insider, or something else? Ask the user to take pictures of their screen using their smartphone showing the things they noticed: ransom messages, encrypted files, system error messages. DONT PANIC. How many (and which) missions are degraded or at risk? Ideally, compromised systems should never be returned to production as there is always a chance that some remnant from the attackers remains and could compromise the systems.The best practice is to build replacement systems from scratch and fully patch all software on them. In some cases, this may simply be impossible. In the attack, the malware encrypts the victims files, making them inaccessible, and an attacker demands a ransom payment to decrypt them. Once the data is recovered and operations have been restored, take time to determine how your systems were breached. (office/home/shop, wired/wireless, with/without VPN. 0000005850 00000 n [2, paraphrased], TODO: Customize steps for users dealing with suspected ransomware, TODO: Customize steps for help desk personnel dealing with suspected ransomware. Cynet Response Orchestration can address any threat that involves infected endpoints, malicious processes or files, attacker-controlled network traffic, or compromised user accounts. Not all breaches are preventable, but a robust, tested and repeatable incident response process will reduce damage and costs in almost all cases. Whichever approach you take, however, make sure you act in a controlled manner, rather than panicking: Specify in your plan which systems will be disabled first, how they will be disabled and which steps must be taken during disabling to ensure that data remains intact when the systems go offline. 0000000016 00000 n Many of the steps in the following process can and will happen simultaneously, and this is okay. Please see the Security Incident Response Plan for your unit/environment for the list of roles and responsibilities.

0000002865 00000 n Your ransomware response plan should also include an assessment of whether recovery plans exist for any backup data you have on hand. Forensic images of affected devices may be required to understand the root cause of the attack. If not already complete, physically or logically disconnect all infected or suspected devices from the network. If this is the case, take a photo and physically or logically disconnect the device from the network. Launch business continuity/disaster recovery plan(s): Recover data from known-clean backups to known-clean, patched, monitored systems (post-eradication), in accordance with our, Check backups for indicators of compromise, Consider partial recovery and backup integrity testing, Find and try known decryptors for the variant(s) discovered using resources like the No More Ransom! Main sections: Incident response templates and procedures are crucial, but they are not enough. trailer <<6E36B24764254858BD5547E93006CB0A>]/Prev 1123942>> startxref 0 %%EOF 160 0 obj <>stream What Is a SOC? Contents: 17-step incident response procedure, referencing more detailed plans for specific incident types such as malware, system failure, active intrusion attempt. Confirm endpoint protection (AV, NGAV, EDR. Let other people know what is happening: be ready with a preliminary scope but dont spend time compiling a detailed list of devices and files. Restoration of systems and finalizing the detailed timelines and scope of the incident also happen here. Depending on the severity, a local or University-wide CSIRT team may be activated who may engage other services, such as a breach coach or forensics services. Identifying what has been compromised and getting the right people working on it quickly is essential. f?3-]T2j),l0/%b Assign steps to individuals or teams to work concurrently, when possible; this playbook is not purely sequential. 0000004048 00000 n If you are sure or strongly suspect a device is infected with ransomware, but there is no message yet, physically or logically disconnect it from the network. Try not to turn it off unless you absolutely have to, as this can damage forensic evidence. For virtual systems, take a snapshot and ensure that the snapshot cannot be accidentally deleted. Theres no hiding from it, and even the most meticulous cybersecurity strategy cant guarantee that your data wont be impacted by ransomware. Continue to identify the Who, What, When, Where, Why, and How of the incident to the best level possible. The following is a VERY short form of the procedure in section six that will get you started to get things quickly under control. A single device can be scanned for workstations, assuming all devices are built to the same standard. This will help ensure that re-compromise chances are as minimal as possible, and the chance of the same attack vector being successful is eliminated. Determine how much data was held for ransom, whether backups are available, and (if applicable) how recent those backups are. Prioritize quarantines and other containment measures higher than during a typical response. 135 0 obj <> endobj xref Only if there is no matching playbook, the incident is pushed to the security team for a manual response. 0a !1~'!C343ofc%O=X b by7J!pRDPkI#=DA! {[c@KL\7 PK ! Containment, Eradication, and Recovery, Incident response checklists: Incident Discovery and Confirmation, Containment and Continuity, Eradication, Recovery, Lessons Learned, Classification procedure for potential incidents. 0000058809 00000 n hb```b`` "@16l. Main sections: Created by: Thycotic If you have an incident response team tell them; otherwise, let your boss know. It can go wrong (e.g., bugs could make data unrecoverable even with the key). This playbook is provided by Information Technologies Services Information Security (ITS-IS) to give a framework and typical workflow to help with recovering from a ransomware attack. If all the affected data was backed up recently and you have recovery plans already in place for those backups, your ransomware recovery process can be as simple as executing your existing recovery plans. With the severity identified, begin to notify the persons required. Pages: 19 An overarching Security Incident Response Plan should be in place to define roles and responsibilities and what communication about the incident is expected. ]'" G word/document.xml}P*:]OI{Ov6]hg4?I&V. %PDF-1.7 % The University has recently published its Security Incident Response Plan (Incident Security Response Plan | Information Security and Enterprise Architecture (utoronto.ca). If you have to ask first before acting, proceed to step 3, get that permission and then make the changes needed. Read MSP360s latest news and expert articles about MSP business and technology, The MSPs Response Guide to a Ransomware Attack, The MSPs Response Guide to a Ransomware Attack [PDF], Every Month Is Cybersecurity Awareness Month, require mandatory disclosure of the attacks, an Excel file to help create a customizable assessment resource. The pack includes: The final step in many ransomware response plans is to write an incident report detailing the narrative of the attack, the data, and systems it affected, and the steps you took in response. Are there access controls that can improve security? For example, ransomware attacks that impact data that the GDPR defines as sensitive require mandatory disclosure of the attacks, regardless of the volume of data affected. If the replacement systems will be entirely new, it is unnecessary to wait for the review to complete before starting this process. This plan helps both internal IT departments and managed services providers, or MSPs, react quickly and effectively when ransomware strikes. They may also be able to offer perspective on which data it is most important to recover first. The devices could exit either physically or virtually in either environment. stream By enabling faster data recovery, ransomware response plans save money. In some cases, the ransomware unlock keys remain resident in memory and can be used to restore the device easily. What were the actions taken to return the systems to production? Also, paying proves ransomware works and could increase attacks against you or other groups. Ideally, these images are collected BEFORE any mitigation efforts occur on the system(s); however, this may not always be possible, so please endeavour to collect them in as pristine (unchanged) a state as possible. Keep reading for tips on building a solid response plan tailored to your organizations needs. The wording should be such to have a minimal chance of causing panic in anyone. 4 0 obj

135 26 Information Security and Enterprise Architecture (ISEA). Further reading Guide to Cloud Disaster Recovery. If you dont have a formal response plan in place that includes steps to prevent future breaches, you are more likely to keep suffering the same types of attacks over and over. (operating system, hostname. Was the attack limited to a single server or a single S3 bucket, for example, or was all the data within your data center or cloud environment impacted? They are summarized below: Read our in-depth posts on the NIST Incident Response and SANS Incident Response frameworks. Your planning for ransomware protection shouldnt end with simply creating a ransomware incident response plan template. There are several reasons to create it, as opposed to managing ransomware recovery on an ad hoc basis with no plan in place. Thats why its crucial to have a ransomware response plan in place. A response plan also helps ensure that you are in a stronger position to prevent ransomware attacks from recurring. The report may also include steps you will take or have taken to prevent a similar attack from happening again in the future. If its after-hours, do your best to limit the damage, and call in your own staff if available but delays are expected since the University is not a 24/7 work environment, and attackers will pick times where the response may be limited. TODO: Customize containment steps, tactical and strategic, for ransomware. In most organizations there is a critical shortage of security staff. However, the root cause of the attack needs to be addressed along with simply replacing the damaged file. Perhaps the most obvious reason is that having a plan in place for responding to a ransomware incident helps to ensure that you can actually recover from the attack without paying the ransom. Ideally, this will be captured in a running state with a forensics tool; however, an offline clone is acceptable if using a forensics tool is not possible. Pages: 11 If this is a user report, ask detailed questions, including: What networks are involved? By supplementing manual incident response with automated playbooks, organizations can reduce the burden on security teams, and respond to many more security incidents, faster and more effectively. A security incident can be a stressful exercise, and it is essential to proceed calmly and methodically to ensure that dealing with the situation does not make things worse. An automated tool can detect a security condition, and automatically execute an incident response playbook that can contain and mitigate the incident. A hypervisor (or virtual machine monitor, VMM, virtualizer) is computer software, firmware or hardware that creates and runs virtual machines. A ransomware attack in the context of this playbook is one where one or more university-owned devices have been infected with malware that has encrypted files, and a ransom demand has been issued. It comprises a mixture of technical and business staff from the University and the affected unit. Include any mirrors or disaster recovery versions as well. If many devices are infected, it may be easier to isolate everything by turning off a network switch or wifi access point rather than dealing with each device individually. 0000975959 00000 n During the recovery planning process, its often valuable to consult with business stakeholders. For physical systems, a clone of the physical drives is typically required. With a response plan in place, you are in a better position to recover data before customer operations are critically disrupted. TODO: Customize eradication steps, tactical and strategic, for ransomware. For example, upon detecting traffic from the network to an unknown external IP, an incident playbook runs, adding a security rule to the firewall and blocking the traffic until further investigation. Ideally, your unit will already have an incident response team identified, and you can tell them; otherwise, let your boss know and your Unit Administrator(s). % Take notes about the problem(s) using the voice memo app on your smartphone or pen-and-paper. TODO: Specify tools and procedures for each step, below. FyT)\06%J"X`'(\c[/Y2Ly(oFxHu/*%'N7p hADWa/]y2=nBINBN86 zgaf?"ZC=Ip s+&a Inform containment measures with facts from the investigation. Not only will it cost the business money, but it also harms the reputation of your IT team. Further reading Responding to Cyberattacks: 6 Top Tips. In addition, as noted above, ransomware response plans are also a valuable resource for both internal IT teams and MSPs who provide IT support to businesses on an outsourced basis. The first step in responding to virtually any ransomware attack is to determine how much data was affected, and how many systems were breached. The CSIRT will identify the notifications that need to be sent. 0000004581 00000 n In order to protect the business you support, then, its essential to design a ransomware response plan, test it and update it regularly. Analyze affected and/or new files. Check. Assess vulnerabilities and threats, network security, workspace and equipment security, documentation, and more. Otherwise, you are at a higher risk of making mistakes or overlooking important details during the recovery process. With your recovery plan in place, you can execute it to recover data, depending on how your data was backed up. The Security Incident Response Plan will help with this determination. Statistics show that the average time to identify and remediate a breach is over 100 days.

0000005152 00000 n These can include remotely collected system logs, network device logs (firewalls, IDS, etc.). An important factor is that ransomware attacks cost businesses large sums of money. Do this as soon as possible, preferably immediately. To help address this problem, the security industry is developing tools to perform automated incident response. What data is involved? Assess information impact: impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. Typically, disclosure involves notifying government authorities and/or notifying consumers whose personal data was breached. Its also necessary to note that these instructions assume the time is during a workday. (office/home/shop, wired/wireless, with/without VPN. 0000027945 00000 n By clicking next I consent to the use of my personal data by Cynet in accordance with Cynet's Privacy Policy and by its partners. Take pictures of your screen using your smartphone showing the things you noticed: ransom messages, encrypted files, system error messages. If the attackers compromised systems in your network threat) and have maintained a foothold (whats known as an Advanced Persistent Threat (APT)), then the attack will often be launched when it will do the most damage before it is noticed. If there is a chance that this will end in legal proceedings, follow proper evidence handling procedures; the (SIR) team can help. Disconnect any network shares used by any confirmed or suspected devices until the ransomware is contained. Identify what backups are available of the data affected and also validate that the backups are usable.

If external resources will be needed, or there is public visibility, then mobilizing resources to do find information should be done as soon as possible. A Computer Security Incident Response Team (CSIRT) is an institutional entity responsible for coordinating and supporting a computer security incident response.

Before deployment, the systems must be scanned for vulnerabilities.Where possible, this should be an authenticated scan as this provides a better level of assurance than a simple remote scan.

Restoring from backup is the easiest recovery solution for ransomware. 0000002714 00000 n 0000034597 00000 n mRhNP The CSIRT must be kept updated during the process the restoration process. Additionally, access to network devices to contain infected devices may be required. 0000027821 00000 n If software cannot be patched, it must have compensating controls applied to protect it, be listed in the University Risk Registry (contact, Systems should be hardened to an industry-standard to minimize initial attack surfaces and limit the chances of weak or default configurations making it to production.The. See "Reference: User Actions for Suspected Ransomware," below, Focus particularly on those whose data was affected, Generate required notifications based on applicable regulations (particularly those that may consider ransomware a data breach or otherwise requires notifications (. It isnt meant to be used exclusively as it skips essential steps so please refer to section six. Pages: 4 Identify what data type(s) exist on the devices(s), file shares, or other systems to which it has a direct connection. (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypervisor). The actions described will primarily be completed by subject matter experts (SMEs) with the access and skills required. And, while the best strategy is to take steps to prevent ransomware attacks from happening in the first place, the reality is that there is no way to guarantee your data wont be held for ransom. The typical business suffers financial losses of $7,900 per minute when data is rendered unavailable by a ransomware attack or other problem. Are there any architectural changes that can minimize the amount of data at risk? Information Security and Enterprise Architecture, Incident Security Response Plan | Information Security and Enterprise Architecture (utoronto.ca), Short Incident Response Playbook for Ransomware, Next Generation Antivirus End Point Protection, Printers and Photocopier Security Guidelines. For a ransomware attack, if it is caused by a random infection of a single machine, then the timing will also typically also be random. If you have any questions or concerns on how to proceed or who to notify, please start by contacting the Security Incident Response (SIR) team at security.response@utoronto.ca. Use your best judgment. An example of this is that Initial containment typically occurs before the identification is completed. TODO: Customize recovery steps for ransomware. How to prepare for a ransomware attack to keep your clients safe; Which actions response to a ransomware attack should involve; How to manage clients while handling an attack. (operating system, hostname. Include the memory state as well as the data at rest if possible. When an attack scenario occurs, the relevant playbook is automatically executed. 0000006771 00000 n 10 Core Functions and 6 Key Challenges, Security Automation: Tools, Process and Best Practices, Incident Response Management: Key Elements and Best Practices, Security Orchestration Automation and Response (SOAR): A Quick Guide, Incident Response Team: A Blueprint for Success, Incident Response Template: Presenting Incident Response Activity to Management, Incident Response SANS: The 6 Steps in Depth, Upgrading Cybersecurity with Incident Response Playbooks, 6 Incident Response Plan Templates and Why You Should Automate Your Incident Response, Incident response processes recommended by NIST and SANS, Six incident response templatessummary of contents and direct links, Automated incident response with Cynet Response Orchestration, 3. Ransomware is a form of malware used to perpetrate a cryptoviral extortion attack. If there was a failure (or lack) of backups that resulted in data that could not be recovered, ensure that your backup process has been improved to include ransomware resistance. In ransomware situations, containment is critical.

Once the final review is complete, any Public notifications that the University is legally required to make should happen.These should include as much information as need to clearly and concisely let an affected person know what happened and what, if anything, they need to do. Once youre sure the attack is no longer active and spreading, you can assess the extent of the damage. Ransomware attacks have been known to recur, so it is essential to identify the root cause of the infection to limit the chances of this happening. If the systems are being deployed with entirely new applications, then the standard risk review process for the University should be performed on those applications. Schedule one or more lessons learned sessions to collect feedback about the incident.The session should cover off the following information: When was the problem was first detected, and by whom? insecure remote desktop protocol (RDP): check, infection via removable drives (worm or virus), delivered by other malware or attacker tool: expand investigation to include additional attacker tools or malware, Quarantine file shares (not just known-infected shares; protect uninfected shares too), Quarantine shared databases (not just known-infected servers; protect uninfected databases too), Quarantine backups, if not already secured, Block command and control domains and addresses. Even if the direct financial impact of downtime is minimal, the businesss brand is likely to be harmed if services are disrupted by a ransomware attack. You could also choose to restore from outdated backups, which may be better than nothing. Identify what devices have been affected by the attack and act on those first. The following procedure is organized into logical steps more for organization purposes than a strict timeline of when things must happen. Collect and review evidence from other sources. 0000000816 00000 n What systems are involved? Below are several templates you can download for free, which can give you a head start. TODO: Customize communication steps for ransomware. If the severity is uncertain, go with a higher severity as it can be lowered after further review, but it may not get the focus it needs if it is initially too low. How was the incident contained and eradicated? N _rels/.rels ( j0@QN/c[ILj]aGzsFu]U ^[x 1xpf#I)Y*Di")c$qU~31jH[{=E~ Open a ticket to document the incident, per procedure. TODO: Expand investigation steps, including key questions and strategies, for ransomware. Project's, Consider paying the ransom for irrecoverable critical assets/data, in accordance with policy, Consider ramifications with appropriate stakeholders, Understand finance implications and budget, Understand legal, regulatory, and insurance implications. If it makes sense to perform a step before others, then do that so long as all relevant actions happen. This document assumes access to the physical devices that are or may have been infected. If recovery is expected to take too long because of the lack of a plan, the business you support may choose to pay the ransom in order to restore operations, even if the data could be recovered through other means. Add newlines for cleaner merges, add pandoc yml. Created by: I-Sight Based on that information, and the number of affected devices determine the severity of the incident. They should reflect the specific types of data that are at risk, the backup tools and processes the team has in place, and the resources available for responding to ransomware attacks. z, /|f\Z?6!Y_o]A PK ! What systems are you using? Document the following: What were you doing at the time you detected it? TODO: Specify financial, personnel, and logistical resources to accomplish remediation. Learning from an incident is critical to help prevent others from occurring in future.