apple tree spray schedule 2022

2022.07.31
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apple tree spray schedule 2022

A monthly newsletter for New Hampshire gardeners, homesteaders and plant-lovers of all kinds, that includes seasonal suggested gardening tips, upcoming events and articles with proven solutions for your garden and landscape. 4 0 obj Dormant oils are mixed with water and if temperatures fall below freezing the oil and water separate, the effectiveness is greatly reduced.

0000273265 00000 n 2 0 obj 0000010061 00000 n 0000010088 00000 n 0000218188 00000 n 0000004732 00000 n 0000009366 00000 n 0000137573 00000 n <> 0000012989 00000 n 0000107468 00000 n 0000194279 00000 n 0000003382 00000 n The bud scales soften during our spring rains, the same time that the fungal spores begin to emerge from their overwintering stages and float through the air infecting the very young flower and leaf tissues. 0000015866 00000 n % Peach Leaf Curl Leaves become curled, crinkled, thickened, and red, pink or purple. Dormant oil sprays are typically applied to the point of run off to the branches and trunks of fruit trees to control over wintering adult insects and insect eggs that were laid last summer and fall as a means of lowering the insect pressure early in the season. 0000005033 00000 n Brown Rot of Cherry, Peach and Plum The fungus that causes this disease overwinters on mummified fruits hanging on the tree or on the ground. Combining insecticides and fungicides in your sprayer tank as needed is more complex, but uses only what is required, when it is required. Remember those sprays have to match the trees development and the weather. Soil Pests Several soil insect pests such as white grubs may be troublesome in strawberry beds. Cherry Leaf Spot The fungus causing this disease overwinters in infected leaves from the previous season. 0000218723 00000 n Teaching Through Inquiry & Science Practices, Protecting Fruit Trees From Insects and Diseases, Selecting the Appropriate Pesticide and Reading the Label, Managing Pests with Integrated Pest Management, extension.unh.edu/resources/category/Agriculture, extension.unh.edu/tags/growing-fruits-home, Farm & Ranch Stress Assistance Network (FRSAN), Labor & Financial Recordkeeping & Analysis, North Country Fruit & Vegetable Seminar & Tradeshow, New Hampshire Master Gardener Alumni Association, Planting and Maintenance of Trees & Shrubs, Business Engagement and Retention Program, Building Community Resilience in New Hampshire, Skills for Community Volunteers & Leaders, Estate Planning & Land Conservation for N.H. Woodlot Owners, Soil Testing, Insect ID & Plant Diagnostic Lab, Learning about Justice, Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion. After each cut, disinfect the pruning tools with a mixture of 1-part chlorine bleach and 9 parts water or 70% isopropyl alcohol. Some mixes are labeled for tree fruit only. Most all-purpose spray mixtures have too-low a concentration of permethrin to control curculios. Bacillus subtilis (Serenade) is registered for fire blight and gray mold, Streptomyces lydicus (Actinovate) is labeled for small fruits for gray mold and powdery mildew, and potassium bicarbonate is effective for powdery mildew. 0000218793 00000 n For weed control, we recommend cultural practices such as cultivation, hand-weeding, and mulching, not using herbicides. Dormant oil sprays do not manage insects that are overwintering off your fruit trees or in the soil around your trees. xZ[o]~mDvgi RT$}[OWMR9k}~<=mF\omy$e5XW8.\~0;_V)q&[3XZR[^m*}(be]?P|=5C[G/*i y Ex?QoCO?_z])f}dL/AK|8{?t9K~vI`8$0".khs]-:fW#I>=B*J@^'[A7Wd2_;O5V73[I 1m,PPkjVQzjS*S?%v}fFT>%FJ6mBOLaSWwgVC;em.6S2T^ Br_Pkj]#tT;Bh8/trCQ+zV6z_/1#% q".H`HkY%5d{5M~UF)9tkB"/XU.xa(5+10ld5 ts?Wm9,pP5Og(+ln`*1h#[_c( %eg#H@ZC!6 fFDSP206s*y]+ayrO*C!pBGZ\"kzK=& lFV'5yx}D+e`yc YF @WKQoS9b 9*JQ|bkvEH@q;U }V.,# 0000023979 00000 n Cut at least 6-12 inches below any sign or symptom of the disease. Stop! per gallon of water or 2 1/2 cups per 5 gallons of water, when buds begin to swell in the spring. There are traps to guide if/when spraying is needed. Copper soap (copper octanoate) is effective for cedar apple rust, fire blight and peach leaf curl. 0000014688 00000 n 0000222223 00000 n 0000194022 00000 n Select resistant varieties of plum. Removal of mummified fruit is important for management. 0000014937 00000 n Powdery Mildew Various formulations of wettable sulfur or potassium bicarbonate can aid in management of powdery mildew problems. 0000002424 00000 n Why above freezing? 0000159824 00000 n xref 0000024464 00000 n Warm, wet weather in the spring favors the development of apple scab, cedar apple rust, fire blight, mildew, rots, and many other diseases. 0000005185 00000 n <>/ExtGState<>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S>> The following sections will give examples and situations where supplementary sprays or sanitation may be helpful. Home Fruit Disease and Pest Prevention Spray Schedule, University of Maryland Extension on Facebook, University of Maryland Extension on Instagram, University of Maryland Extension on Twitter, University of Maryland Extension on Youtube, 2018-2020 College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Respect, instructions for how to enable JavaScript in your web browser, (PDF) VA Tech Pest Management Guide: Home Grounds and Animals. endobj It is controlled by cutting out and burning the diseased twigs in the fall, winter, or very early spring. ), fall webworms (Hyphantria cunea) and others may be controlled by applying a spray with Bacillus thuringiensis. Watch for supplementary materials (time of application) and pests to be controlled. It is unclear whether or not products containing the pyrethroid, zeta-cypermethrin, will offer equivalent control as carbaryl. The list of PDFs below shows the suggested spray schedules for each tree crop. 0000005487 00000 n None are now available for backyard use, so the best defense is to avoid mechanical injury to the trunks. 0000194124 00000 n Use the calendar to count the days between sprays, yet you cannot assume that the intervals between sprays remain constant. Myclobutanil and Captan are effective for control. Dormant oils do not manage fungal diseases that show up in the orchard either. Use appropriate materials for the pests indicated (consult pesticide labels). Sprays need to be applied during inclement weather when we would rather be indoors. Rust can be controlled by applying copper soap (copper octanoate) prior to pink bud, or myclobutanil from half-inch green through pink. 0000005794 00000 n 0000193753 00000 n This is why the instructions say to thoroughly cover the tree. 273 0 obj <> endobj Codling Moth (Cydia pomonella) The larvae tunnel in apple flesh, and feed on the seeds. The ingredient pesticides can also be purchased separately and mixed when used. Tables 1-4 summarize spray schedules for fruit trees and small tree fruits. Black Knot of Plum and Cherry This disease causes black knots/ growths on twigs and spurs. 0000008328 00000 n 0000334111 00000 n 0000222995 00000 n University of New Hampshire Extension(877) 398-4769 Bacillus thuringiensis (Biobit, Dipel, Javelin, Sok-BT, B.t.) 0000193236 00000 n Fungal diseases like Cedar Apple Rust and Apple Scab, and several less important diseases, are treated with fungicides applied at what is called bud break. Bud scales swell and soften to allow either the flowers or foliage to begin emergence. Dormant oil sprays are temperature sensitive and will need to be applied when the temperatures are above freezing for a minimum of 24 hours. Peach Tree Borer (Synanthedon exitiosa) These insects attack the trunk and main limbs of trees and are best controlled by spraying the lower trunk and the crotches thoroughly during July and August with an insecticide that lists peach tree borers on the label. Those first few sprays are critical to prevent early infestations that remain through the entire season and this is what most home orchardists find most challenging.

0000225858 00000 n Check the label before you buy. But new labels require that a second application cannot be applied until 14 days later. 0000013242 00000 n %PDF-1.5 Read more on fruit tree spray schedules, timing, and tips here. USNH Privacy Policies USNH Terms of Use ADA Acknowledgment Affirmative Action Jeanne Clery Act. 0000006063 00000 n endobj "xXX6/LOo= Eq(kti7\L8f3B_Bsu1lfl=bLf\m. 273 104 Pear Psylla (Cacopsylla pyricola) Psyllas suck plant juices, and can stunt pears. Dry, hot weather is often more favorable for insect population buildup, so it may be more difficult to control insects during hot, dry weather. 376 0 obj <>stream 0000025124 00000 n hb``Ww13 0PcCk` p9.9y}kb.qowz~T=B+-jD=G*ge. 0000228463 00000 n For more information about growing backyard fruit trees, contact your local WSU Master Gardeners Program by clicking on your county on the map found here: http://mastergardener.wsu.edu/program/county/.

Aphids Insecticidal soap or malathion may help in aphid outbreaks, but most fruit-attacking aphids are held in check by predators. Cos, Grafton and Carroll counties have the lowest problems. 0000225132 00000 n There will be more sprays more frequently in the beginning of the season and fewer sprays towards the end of the season. Cedar Apple Rust is damaging as well as it impacts the leaves ability to produce food, it is just that those leaves remain on the fruit tree. stream They are usually controlled by sprays for curculio and apple maggot. 0000228088 00000 n 0000277464 00000 n 0000007386 00000 n 0000016831 00000 n Sevin is registered for all of the listed crops. 0000013205 00000 n Growing Great Fruits video interview series, Protecting Fruit Trees From Insects and Diseases webinar, Selecting the Appropriate Pesticide and Reading the Label article for gardeners, Managing Pests with Integrated Pest Management article for gardeners, Considering Organic and Natural Products article for gardeners, For more related fact sheets, go to extension.unh.edu/resources/category/Agricultureandextension.unh.edu/tags/growing-fruits-home. Still have a question?

Apple Maggot (Rhagoletis pomonella) The larvae tunnel in apples in July & Aug. <> (PDF) VA Tech Pest Management Guide: Home Grounds and Animals |Home fruit and diseases - Section3. <> is effective on foliage-feeding caterpillars. 0000193152 00000 n The ingredients usually include one or more insecticides (such as carbaryl, permethrin, malathion) and one or more fungicides, usually captan, sometimes sulfur. One such minimal spray schedule for apples is indicated in the chart. Read the label before buying! 0000218118 00000 n All infected wild trees adjacent to the orchard should be destroyed, if possible, to prevent spread of the disease. Propiconazole is effective for brown rot, and chlorothalonil is also labeled for brown rot. 0000003417 00000 n 1 0 obj 0000003012 00000 n (Example: israelensis) do not work on caterpillars. 0000003193 00000 n If there is a history of fire blight, copper soap can be applied as a late dormant spray (do not apply copper after green tip or fruit injury may occur). 0000227767 00000 n Black Rot of Grapes The fungus causing this disease overwinters on all parts of the plant, but mummified berries on the ground or clinging to the vines are the major infection source in the spring. 0000018626 00000 n 0000225463 00000 n 0000020084 00000 n Apple Scab When growing scab resistant varieties, fungicides are rarely needed. Download the Resource for the complete fact sheet and a printable version. Scale Insects These are sometimes troublesome on backyard fruit plants. The weather is the greatest variable related to pest control. Under such conditions, it may be necessary to spray more often to prevent infection. These trees should be removed, where practical, or remove galls in late winter to reduce infection on apple leaves and fruit. Adding a spray of carbaryl when the fruit reach inch diameter will control this insect for seven days. 0000222669 00000 n 0000013547 00000 n 0000252966 00000 n Home orchardists often under value the importance of applying a dormant oil spray to their fruit trees. Lastly, there will be days before harvest notation on the label, letting you know when you must stop spraying prior to harvest. Trade names include Dipel, Xentari, Javelin, Biobit, and others. Contact us at Ask Extension. The label will clearly indicate what pests are affected. 0000005336 00000 n Examples of resistant varieties are: Freedom, Jonafree, Liberty, MacFree, Nova Easygro, Prima, Pristine, and Redfree. TTY Users: 7-1-1 or 800-735-2964 (Relay NH) Captan, Bacillus subtilis, and Streptomyces lydicus are registered. Apple scab can also infect the fruit so the damage to your fruit tree is two-fold. 0000050559 00000 n The proper use of supplementary spray materials can increase the yield of usable fruit. 0000160089 00000 n Captan is generally considered a good choice for management of many fruit diseases. 0000009227 00000 n Spotted Wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) Spotted wing drosophila attacks ripe raspberries and blackberries, blueberries, plums, currants, some grapes (especially dark varieties with thin skins), some peaches and August-October maturing strawberries. 0000339053 00000 n 0000222696 00000 n Dormant oil sprays work by smothering the adult insect and soaking into the overwintering eggs, effectively controlling any insects and eggs that are found on the fruit tree. Surround is a non-toxic alternative, but is very tricky to apply correctly. Captan, propiconazole, chlorothalonil, or myclobutanil (Immunox Do not use Immunox Plus, it is not labeled for use on fruit) are registered. Be sure to thoroughly wet the entire surface of all limbs and twigs, especially the top of plants and trees. 0000018440 00000 n 0000007413 00000 n 0000218609 00000 n

During his 45-year career in horticulture and agriculture, Hentschel became a well-known and respected expert for commercial and homeowner audiences, industry organizations, and media. 0000218051 00000 n Botrytis also causes blossom blight on blueberries. Got questions? Insecticidal soap may help with psyllas. Some strains of B.t. Pesticides must be applied only as directed on the label to be in compliance with the law. 0000007274 00000 n

If surface blemishes on fruit do not bother you, you may follow a less intensive schedule. <]/Prev 523047/XRefStm 3012>> These insects will be managed through your early multipurpose sprays and cover sprays as the growing season progresses during spring through summer months. 0000021054 00000 n 0000217858 00000 n 3 0 obj Warm, wet weather in spring favors the development of apple scab, cedar apple rust, fire blight, mildew, rots, and many other diseases. Disease and insect control measures suggested in this guide are recommended only for home fruit production. Spray oil can help control certain aphids, mites, scales, and pear psyllas on fruit trees (oils can also suppress some diseases). Plum Curculio (Conotrachelus nenuphar) This insect attacks very young apples, causing most of them to drop in June. 0000011694 00000 n Usually not a serious problem in New Hampshire, except on grapes. 0000004883 00000 n endobj 0000273562 00000 n 0000004657 00000 n 0000193082 00000 n 0000012738 00000 n Fire Blight on Apple and Pear This disease primarily affects spurs and twigs. startxref Clean up fallen fruit before, during, and after harvest. This is the standard practice yet be sure to read the label of the product you are using for any specific guidelines. A 3-spray program (just before bloom, full bloom, petal fall) may eliminate the need for fungicides during harvest. Another challenge to be recognized is that if it rains within hours of the application, you must go back out and reapply or the treatment is lost and the fungal spores arriving on your leaf tissues can infect anyway. 0000014431 00000 n

Sulfur is particularly good for powdery mildew, and is somewhat effective for scab, rust, and brown rot. 0000016352 00000 n Cultural practices that promote air circulation can reduce infections. The close proximity to Maryland, the similar disease and insect problems experienced by fruit growers in both regions, and the timely information should provide guidance in managing fruit problems. Hours: M-F,8 a.m. to5 p.m. Trunk injury greatly increases attractiveness to peach tree borers, to lay eggs. Contact the Division of Pesticide Control at (603) 271-3550 to check registration status. The material must be eaten by caterpillars in order to work.

Dispose of empty containers safely, according to New Hampshire regulations. The Ask UNH Extension Infoline offers practical help finding answers for your home, yard, and garden questions. 0000050685 00000 n About the author: Richard Hentschels expertise extends across several subject areas with specialties in lawn care, fruit tree production, woody ornamentals, and home and community gardening. Myclobutanil is effective against brown rot and cedar apple rust. ***Additional note, added by A. Wallingford May 2019: Cabaryl may now be more difficult for home owners to acquire. %PDF-1.6 % http://mastergardener.wsu.edu/program/county/, 2022 Generic Cosmic Crisp Waxing Protocol, WA 38 Greasiness Incidence in pre-commercialization Plantings, WA 38 Optimization of Light Interception, WA 38 First Commercial Season Storage & Packing Observations, Bacterial canker in Washington sweet cherries, Cooling Mechanisms for a Tree Fruit Orchard, Mecanismos de Enfriamiento para una Huerta de rboles Frutales, When and how to reduce doubling in sweet cherry, Management of Little Cherry & X-disease for Backyard Producers. Fma*]}O It is effective for many pests, including apple and blueberry maggots, Japanese beetles, spittlebugs and tent caterpillars. 0000015431 00000 n Raking fallen leaves in the autumn is essential for control. The link below will take you to the Virginia Tech (PDF)Home Fruit Disease and Insect Management Guide. To really control plum curculio, adding a supplemental spray (like carbaryl) is necessary. High rates of nitrogen fertilizer often create psylla problems. To avoid such problems, eliminate grass from your beds and dont locate the beds in areas where grass grew the previous year.

Effective insecticides include Entrust, Malathion (high rate), Exirel and others. 0000005931 00000 n Some backyard products contain permethrin. 0000218878 00000 n 0000009728 00000 n 0000018032 00000 n This spray schedule is developed for the average conditions existing in New Hampshire. General purpose spray mixtures are useful for the control of common pathogens and insects that attack fruit, except plum curculio, peach tree borers, and pathogens that cause black knot of plum, cedar apple rust, fire blight, and peach leaf curl. 0000252573 00000 n 0000006592 00000 n Leaf-Feeding Caterpillars Gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar), tent caterpillars (Malacosoma spp. If susceptible varieties are grown, rake and destroy fallen apple leaves in autumn. It can be somewhat effective on plum curculio (a major, serious tree fruit pest), but not in the low concentrations available to backyard growers. 0000024394 00000 n Attacked fruit turn sour and quickly rot. Japanese Beetle (Popillia japonica) This insect is sometimes a problem; add carbaryl (Sevin) to the spray mixture or use carbaryl alone. It is controlled by cutting out and burning blighted branches as soon as they are seen. Copyright 2022, University of New Hampshire. The choice is yours -total reliance on general-purpose mixtures is simple and convenient but can bewasteful at times, may harm non-target species and may increase the risk of pests and pathogens developing resistance to pesticides. trailer 0000006565 00000 n 0000017638 00000 n Garden supply stores sell general purpose mixtures under a variety of names. 0000193651 00000 n 2022University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign|College of ACES| Web Privacy Notice|EEO|Accessibility|Staff Login|myExtension, Serving DuPage, Kane and Kendall Counties, Serving Carroll, Lee and Whiteside Counties, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Gray Mold of Strawberry and Raspberry This disease is also called Botrytis fruit rot. Captan, copper soap, and myclobutanil are effective for control. If they are a problem, apply a superior oil spray, 5-6 tbs. 0

0000006629 00000 n Since all pests do not always threaten your crop in combination, use of the mixture results in some unnecessary spraying. 0000010348 00000 n Read the label on every pesticide container each time before using the material. Call toll free at 1-877-398-4769, Monday to Friday, 9 a.m. to 2 p.m., or e-mail us atanswers@unh.edu.